SC936-7-SP-CO:
Science, Technology and Society

The details
2025/26
Sociology and Criminology
Colchester Campus
Spring
Postgraduate: Level 7
Current
Monday 12 January 2026
Friday 20 March 2026
20
13 February 2025

 

Requisites for this module
(none)
(none)
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Key module for

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Module description

This module provides an introduction to key concepts and theories for the social study of science and technology. We will explore how science and technology are shaped by social structures, cultural values, as well as political and economic concerns. To do this, we will examine both historical and contemporary cases and will draw on the sociology and anthropology of science and technology as well as key ideas in the discipline of Science and Technology Studies (STS).

Module aims

The aims of this module are:



  • To introduce students to key concepts and theories in the anthropology and sociology of science and technology as well as Science and Technology Studies.

  • To enable students to examine the complex relationships between science and society.

  • To provide students with theoretical tools to understanding scientific and technological problems from a social science perspective.

Module learning outcomes

By the end of this module, students will be expected to be able to:



  1. Demonstrate a comprehensive knowledge in the social study of science and technology.

  2. Critically evaluate how social, political, economic and cultural factors shape and are shaped by science and technology.

  3. Identify and explain how science and technology are always situated in social and cultural contexts.

Module information

Indicative Syllabus Information


Introduction: What is Science and Technology?


While we may take for granted what science and technology are, this introductory lecture will interrogate these two core concepts – how they have developed and what these implications of these developments have been. This lecture will also provide an overview of the rest of the module.


Social Construction of Science and Technology


Are science and technology neutral? Can their development be explained by paying attention to technical aspects alone? Scholars in the social sciences have advanced the notion that science and technology are socially constructed – we cannot explain the impacts of science and technology in society without understanding the social and cultural factors that have shaped and continue to shape their development and use.


Week Actor Network Theory


This lecture will introduce students to one of the most influential schools of thought in STS, which has had an influence on many other fields of study in the social sciences and humanities – Actor Network Theory (ANT). ANT scholars are interested in explaining how scientific and technological facts are socially constructed – how various actors (both human and non-human) are part of assemblages and networks which can align, converge, coordinate, struggle or stabilize around certain kinds of explanations and arrangements which have material effects in the world.


Classification


Categories play a key role in shaping our world – categories like race, class, gender shape people’s experiences in society; classifying an infection as bacterial or viral has massive implications for the treatment of individuals and populations; how we classify data shapes how algorithmic systems operate. In this session, we will explore the important role classification plays in our lives, and why it is important to make what are often invisible practices visible.


Feminist STS


Feminist scholars were some of the key founders of the discipline of STS. In this session, we will explore concepts like ‘situated knowledge’, ‘partial perspectives’, as well as question what it means to say that science and technology are gendered.


Reading Week


During the reading week, students will work on their case studies.


Science, Technology and Democracy


It is difficult to understand the role of science and technology in society without paying attention to the political and economic systems they are embedded in. This session will explore how science and technology have been used to further certain political goals. It will also examine the role of citizens as well as various governmental, non-governmental, and corporate institutions in the development and governance of science and technology.


Agnotology


We tend to think of science and technology as knowledge building. However, the institutions that fund and develop new knowledge can be secretive about research, hide certain information, deliberately obfuscate findings, or deliberately choose to remain ignorant in order to achieve certain aims. What role, then does ignorance and secrecy play in science and technology and what impact does this have on our social world?


Expectations, Imaginaries and Futures


Scientists and engineers are often engaged in future-building – they hope that their innovations will help to build better worlds for people. However, these promises are often not achieved or have very different outcomes than their developers initially intended. This session will give us conceptual tools to think about the role of hope and hype in science and technology, and what responsibilities scientists and engineers have in imagining society.


Case Studies Workshop


This session will provide students with an opportunity to workshop their case study essays.

Learning and teaching methods

This module will be delivered through two-hour weekly seminars that will combine lecture with class discussion and small group work allowing the students to experience different ways of learning the material covered, Lectures will present key concepts for each weeks topic, while small group work will help the students to explore specific concepts of interest.

All lecture and class contents will be available via Moodle and Listen Again.

Students will be expected to read assigned material and to attend the weekly seminar. They will also be expected to and participate in discussions and group work in the seminar and at times outside of the seminar setting.

The module will be assessed through coursework (100%). Students will need to select a case study to research throughout the term. This will be a particular area of scientific research or a particular technology that is of interest to them. They will be required to use concepts from the module to analyse the case study they have chosen in a 2,500 word essay. After they have submitted their essays, they will be assessed on a 5 minute presentation of their research to the module convenor, and their response to 2-3 questions about their research.

For all assessments, students will receive marks drawn upon the departmental criteria measuring understanding of the subject; utilisation of proper academic style; relevance of material selected and of the arguments proposed; planning and organisation; logical coherence; critical evaluation; comprehensiveness of research; evidence of synthesis; innovation, creativity, and originality.

Assignment should be uploaded onto the Coursework Submission system at: http://faser.essex.ac.uk/ by the deadline established in the module outline.

Bibliography*

This module does not appear to have a published bibliography for this year.

Assessment items, weightings and deadlines

Coursework / exam Description Deadline Coursework weighting

Exam format definitions

  • Remote, open book: Your exam will take place remotely via an online learning platform. You may refer to any physical or electronic materials during the exam.
  • In-person, open book: Your exam will take place on campus under invigilation. You may refer to any physical materials such as paper study notes or a textbook during the exam. Electronic devices may not be used in the exam.
  • In-person, open book (restricted): The exam will take place on campus under invigilation. You may refer only to specific physical materials such as a named textbook during the exam. Permitted materials will be specified by your department. Electronic devices may not be used in the exam.
  • In-person, closed book: The exam will take place on campus under invigilation. You may not refer to any physical materials or electronic devices during the exam. There may be times when a paper dictionary, for example, may be permitted in an otherwise closed book exam. Any exceptions will be specified by your department.

Your department will provide further guidance before your exams.

Overall assessment

Coursework Exam
100% 0%

Reassessment

Coursework Exam
100% 0%
Module supervisor and teaching staff

 

Availability
Yes
Yes
Yes

External examiner

No external examiner information available for this module.
Resources
Available via Moodle
No lecture recording information available for this module.

 

Further information
Sociology and Criminology

* Please note: due to differing publication schedules, items marked with an asterisk (*) base their information upon the previous academic year.

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